Introduction of p- block
- P block is present at extreme right of periodic table.
- It has general electronic configuration ns2np1-6.
- It includes solids, liquids and gases.
- The elements of this group are metal, non- metal and metalloids.
- If we move along period in periodic table, non-metallic character increases and if we move down the group, the non-metallic character decreases.
- In this group: As we move down, the lower oxidation state becomes more stable due to” Inert pair effect.”
Inert pair effect : It is “reluctance in the participation of s electrons in bond formation due to poor shielding effect by d and f orbital .As a result, s electrons are tightly bounded .
1st member is different from its congeners due to:
- Small size
- Highest ionization energy.
- High electro-negativity.
- No vacant d orbital.
- They show maximum co-valence of 4 because of no vacant d orbital.
- First member also has tendency to form multiple bonds because in them p can takes place (because of its small size) .
